KAJIAN VISUAL NOVEL GRAFIS “THE WHITE LAMA” KARYA JODOROWSKY DAN BESS

Novel grafis merupakan salah satu bagian penting dalam sejarah perkembangan komik di Amerika. Tokoh pertama yang mencetuskan istilah ini ialah Will Eisner, namun kultur pembuatan novel grafis sudah ada jauh sebelum istilah ini digunakan. “The White Lama” merupakan satu dari sekian banyak novel grafis di Eropa, yang dibuat atas kolaborasi Alejandro Jodorowsky, seorang penulis naskah, sutradara hingga direktor film dan Georges Bess sebagai ilustrator komik maupun novel grafis. Novel grafis ini dipublikasikan pertama kali oleh “Les Humanoides Associes” yang bertempat di Franco-Belgia, Eropa. Hal inilah yang mendasari ketertarikan penulis untuk meneliti novel grafis “The White Lama” dari segi kajian visual. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk mengkaji elemen visual dan pengambilan adegan. Terkait tujuan penelitian, dibuat rumusan masalah berupa elemen visual komik yang meliputi halaman komik; panel; balon kata; kotak narasi; splash; tipografi; symbolia; onomatopoeia; dan warna; serta pengambilan adegan pada novel grafis tersebut yang meliputi sudut pandang; jarak pandang; keseimbangan; kemiringan; serta closure. Teknik penelitian menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi, dokumentasi, dan wawancara. Metode pengambilan sampel pada novel grafis dilakukan dengan purposive sampling, yaitu dengan mengambil sampel sesuai rumusan masalah yang mewakili keseluruhan. Hasil penelitian membuktikan halaman komik, panel, balon kata, kotak narasi, splash, tipografi, symbolia, onomatopoeia, dan teknik warna digunakan pada novel grafis ini. Pengambilan adegan meliputi sudut pandang, jarak pandang, keseimbangan, kemiringan, serta closure digambar secara sinematografis. Hasil penelitian diharapkan dapat bermanfaat bagi masyarakat khususnya mahasiswa dan kalangan profesional dalam bidang komik. Keyword.-----------Graphic novel is an important pieces in American comic history growth. The phrase was created by Will Eisner, but the culture of graphic novel-making is long used before the phrase was born. “The White Lama” is one of many graphic novels in Europe, which is made from collaboration of Alejandro Jodorowsky, a scriptwriter and film director, with Georges Bess as the comic and graphic novel illustrator. This graphic novel was published by “Les Humanoides Associes” which is located by Franco-Belgia, Europe. This is what underlies the research on “The White Lama” graphic novel from the visual study aspect. The purpose of this research, to study visual element and scene taking. Regarding research objectives, the formulation of the problem in the form of comic visual element such as comic page; panel; speech bubble; narration box; splash; typography; symbolia; onomatopoeia; and color; with scene taking in the said graphic novel such as angle, distance, balance, tilt, and closure. The research technique is based on qualitative descriptive method. Determination of the sample using the purposive sampling technique, which means taking the sample from problem formulation that stood above all. The results of the study concluded from comic page; panel; speech bubble; narration box; splash; typography; symbolia; onomatopoeia; and color technique is used in this novel graphic. The scene taking such as angle; distance; balance; tilt; and closure was drawn (cinematographically). This research is expected to be useful for people (khususnya) college student and professionals in comic making